What are the symptoms of sickle cell disease?
People with sickle cell disease may experience a range of symptoms, including:
- Painful episodes, often called sickle cell crises
- Fatigue or feeling very tired
- Swelling in the hands and feet
- A higher chance of infections
- Delayed growth in children and teenagers
- Yellowing of the skin and eyes, known as jaundice
What causes sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is caused by a change in a particular gene that affects how red blood cells are made. This change is inherited, meaning it is passed down from parents to their children. Both parents must carry the gene for a child to have sickle cell disease.
How common is sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is more common in people with African, Caribbean, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern backgrounds. In the UK, it is estimated that around 15,000 people have sickle cell disease.
Who is more likely to get sickle cell disease?
Factors that can increase the chance of having sickle cell disease include:
- Having parents from regions where sickle cell disease is common
- Being born into certain ethnic backgrounds
How can I treat sickle cell disease?
While there is no cure for sickle cell disease, treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce complications. Common treatments include:
- Pain relief medications
- Hydroxycarbamide, a medicine that helps reduce the frequency of painful episodes
- Blood transfusions to improve the number of healthy red blood cells
- Folic acid supplements to help the body make new blood cells
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How to live with sickle cell disease?
Living with sickle cell disease can be challenging, but there are ways to manage it, such as:
- Staying hydrated and drinking plenty of fluids
- Avoiding extreme temperatures and stressful situations
- Eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise
- Regular check-ups with healthcare providers
Final thoughts
Sickle cell disease is a serious condition that requires ongoing management. If you or someone you know is concerned about sickle cell disease, it is important to speak to a GP or healthcare provider for more information and support.
