How does ciprofloxacin work?
Ciprofloxacin blocks an enzyme (DNA gyrase) that bacteria need to reproduce, preventing them from spreading and allowing your immune system to clear the infection.
What is ciprofloxacin used to treat?
Ciprofloxacin is commonly prescribed for:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Chest infections (such as pneumonia and bronchitis)
- Gastrointestinal infections (such as traveller’s diarrhoea and food poisoning caused by Salmonella or Campylobacter)
- Bone and joint infections
- Serious bacterial infections when other antibiotics are unsuitable
Who can take ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin is suitable for most adults and children in specific cases, but it is not usually the first choice due to potential side effects.
Who might not be able to take ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin may not be suitable if you:
- Have a history of tendon problems related to fluoroquinolone antibiotics
- Have epilepsy or a history of seizures
- Have a heart condition that affects heart rhythm (QT prolongation)
- Have kidney disease (your dose may need adjusting)
- Are pregnant or breastfeeding (it is usually not recommended)
Can I take ciprofloxacin if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Ciprofloxacin isn’t usually recommended during pregnancy or while breastfeeding, as it may affect the baby’s development. Speak to your doctor for alternative treatments.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin is highly effective for treating bacterial infections when taken as prescribed. Symptoms usually improve within a few days, but it’s important to finish the full course to prevent antibiotic resistance.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much ciprofloxacin can cause nausea, confusion, dizziness, and seizures. If you think you’ve taken too much, seek medical help immediately.
What dose of ciprofloxacin is usually taken?
- For urinary tract infections: 250mg to 500mg twice daily for 3 to 7 days
- For chest infections: 500mg to 750mg twice daily for 7 to 14 days
- For traveller’s diarrhoea: 500mg twice daily for 1 to 3 days
Your doctor will determine the correct dose based on your infection.
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What are the side effects of ciprofloxacin?
Common side effects include:
- Nausea or vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Dizziness or headaches
- Skin sensitivity to sunlight
Serious side effects, such as tendon damage, nerve pain, or irregular heart rhythms, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin is taken as tablets, liquid, or injections. Tablets should be swallowed whole with water, and avoid taking them with dairy products as they can reduce absorption.
When should ciprofloxacin be taken?
Ciprofloxacin should be taken at the same time each day, at least two hours before or after antacids, dairy products, or calcium supplements.
What are the brand names for ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Ciproxin
Final thoughts
Ciprofloxacin is an effective antibiotic for bacterial infections but should only be used when necessary due to potential side effects. To get the best results, take it as prescribed and complete the full course. If you experience unusual symptoms, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
