How does hydroxychloroquine work?
Hydroxychloroquine modifies the immune response by reducing inflammation and preventing overactive immune system attacks on healthy tissues.
What is hydroxychloroquine used to treat?
Hydroxychloroquine is commonly prescribed for:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (to reduce joint pain and swelling)
- Lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus – SLE) (to control flare-ups)
- Malaria prevention and treatment (in regions where malaria is common)
- Other autoimmune conditions (such as Sjögren’s syndrome)
Who can take hydroxychloroquine?
Hydroxychloroquine is suitable for most adults and children, as prescribed by a doctor for autoimmune diseases or malaria prevention.
Who might not be able to take hydroxychloroquine?
Hydroxychloroquine may not be suitable if you:
- Have eye problems (such as macular degeneration or retinopathy)
- Have heart disease or an irregular heartbeat (QT prolongation)
- Have liver or kidney disease
- Have glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
Can I take hydroxychloroquine if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Hydroxychloroquine is sometimes used during pregnancy and breastfeeding for autoimmune conditions. Speak to your doctor to determine if it’s safe for you.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is hydroxychloroquine?
Hydroxychloroquine is highly effective at managing autoimmune conditions, but it may take several weeks to months to see full benefits.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much hydroxychloroquine can be dangerous, leading to serious heart rhythm problems, seizures, or vision loss. If you think you’ve taken too much, seek emergency medical help immediately.
What dose of hydroxychloroquine is usually taken?
- For rheumatoid arthritis and lupus: 200mg to 400mg once daily
- For malaria prevention: 400mg once weekly, starting 1-2 weeks before travel
- For malaria treatment: Higher doses may be prescribed under medical supervision
Your doctor will determine the correct dose based on your condition.
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What are the side effects of hydroxychloroquine?
Common side effects include:
- Nausea or stomach pain
- Headache
- Skin rash or itching
- Blurred vision (long-term use may cause eye problems)
Serious side effects, such as heart rhythm abnormalities, severe vision problems, or muscle weakness, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take hydroxychloroquine?
Hydroxychloroquine is taken as tablets, usually once daily, with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
When should hydroxychloroquine be taken?
Hydroxychloroquine should be taken at the same time each day, as prescribed.
What are the brand names for hydroxychloroquine?
Hydroxychloroquine is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Plaquenil
Final thoughts
Hydroxychloroquine is an effective medication for autoimmune diseases and malaria prevention, but it should be taken exactly as prescribed. Regular eye check-ups are recommended for long-term users. If side effects occur, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
