How does ketoconazole work?
Ketoconazole blocks the production of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes. This weakens the fungi, stopping their growth and spread.
What is ketoconazole used to treat?
Ketoconazole is commonly prescribed for:
- Fungal skin infections (such as athlete’s foot, ringworm, and jock itch)
- Scalp conditions (such as dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis)
- Yeast infections (such as candidiasis)
- Systemic fungal infections (only in severe cases, under specialist care)
Who can use ketoconazole?
Ketoconazole is suitable for most adults and children, depending on the condition being treated.
Who might not be able to use ketoconazole?
Ketoconazole may not be suitable if you:
- Have a history of liver disease (for oral ketoconazole)
- Have had an allergic reaction to ketoconazole or similar antifungal medicines
- Are taking certain medications that interact with ketoconazole (such as statins or some blood thinners)
Can I use ketoconazole if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Ketoconazole is sometimes used during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but only under medical supervision. Speak to your doctor before use.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, apply or take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take extra to make up for it.
How effective is ketoconazole?
Ketoconazole is highly effective at clearing fungal infections when used as directed. Improvement is usually seen within a few days to weeks, depending on the infection.
What should I do if I use too much?
Using too much ketoconazole may cause skin irritation, redness, or burning. If severe symptoms occur, seek medical advice.
What dose of ketoconazole is usually taken?
- For skin infections: Apply a thin layer of cream once or twice daily for 2 to 4 weeks
- For dandruff: Use shampoo twice weekly for 4 weeks
- For severe fungal infections (oral tablets): Dose is determined by a specialist
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What are the side effects of ketoconazole?
Common side effects include:
- Skin irritation or redness (for creams and shampoos)
- Dry or greasy hair (for shampoos)
- Nausea or headache (if taken orally)
Serious side effects, such as severe allergic reactions or liver damage (with oral tablets), require urgent medical attention.
How should I take ketoconazole?
Ketoconazole is available as creams, shampoos, and oral tablets. Follow the instructions for your specific formulation.
When should ketoconazole be applied?
- For skin infections: Apply after washing and drying the affected area
- For dandruff: Leave the shampoo on the scalp for 3 to 5 minutes before rinsing
What are the brand names for ketoconazole?
Ketoconazole is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Nizoral (shampoo)
- Daktarin Gold (cream)
- Ketoderm
Final thoughts
Ketoconazole is an effective antifungal treatment that works well for skin and scalp infections. To get the best results, use it as prescribed and complete the full course, even if symptoms improve. If side effects occur, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
