How does tramadol work?
Tramadol blocks pain signals by affecting opioid receptors in the brain. It also increases levels of serotonin and noradrenaline, which help control pain perception.
What is tramadol used to treat?
Tramadol is prescribed for:
- Moderate to severe pain (e.g., after surgery or an injury)
- Chronic pain conditions (e.g., osteoarthritis, back pain, nerve pain)
Who can take tramadol?
Tramadol is suitable for adults and some children over 12 years old, depending on the condition being treated.
Who might not be able to take tramadol?
Tramadol may not be suitable if you:
- Have severe breathing problems or sleep apnoea
- Have a history of seizures or epilepsy
- Have liver or kidney disease
- Have a history of drug or alcohol addiction
- Are taking certain antidepressants or other opioids
Can I take tramadol if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Tramadol isn’t usually recommended during pregnancy or while breastfeeding, as it may affect the baby. Speak to your doctor if you need pain relief during pregnancy.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget to take tramadol, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is tramadol?
Tramadol is highly effective for moderate to severe pain but should be used for the shortest time necessary to reduce the risk of dependence.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much tramadol can be dangerous and may cause:
- Severe drowsiness
- Breathing difficulties
- Seizures
- Loss of consciousness
If you think you’ve taken too much, seek emergency medical help immediately.
What dose of tramadol is usually taken?
- Standard dose for adults: 50mg to 100mg every 4 to 6 hours, as needed
- Maximum daily dose: 400mg per day
- Modified-release tablets: Taken once or twice daily, depending on prescription
Your doctor will decide the best dose based on your condition.
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What are the side effects of tramadol?
Common side effects include:
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Constipation
- Headaches
Serious side effects, such as seizures, hallucinations, or breathing difficulties, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take tramadol?
Tramadol is taken as tablets, capsules, or liquid, swallowed whole with water. Avoid crushing or chewing modified-release tablets.
When should tramadol be taken?
Tramadol should be taken as prescribed, usually at evenly spaced times throughout the day to keep pain under control.
What are the brand names for tramadol?
Tramadol is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Zydol
- Zamadol
- Mabron
Final thoughts
Tramadol is an effective pain reliever but should only be used for short-term pain management due to the risk of dependence. If you have concerns about its use or side effects, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
