How does valproic acid work?
Valproic acid increases levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that helps calm nerve activity, reducing seizures and mood instability.
What is valproic acid used to treat?
Valproic acid is commonly prescribed for:
- Epilepsy (to prevent seizures)
- Bipolar disorder (to stabilise mood and prevent manic episodes)
- Migraine prevention (in certain cases)
Who can take valproic acid?
Valproic acid is suitable for most adults and children, as prescribed by a doctor.
Who might not be able to take valproic acid?
Valproic acid may not be suitable if you:
- Have liver disease or a history of liver problems
- Have a genetic disorder such as urea cycle disorder
- Are pregnant or planning to conceive (due to serious risks to the baby)
- Can I take valproic acid if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Valproic acid must not be taken during pregnancy unless no alternative is available, as it can cause serious birth defects and developmental issues. Speak to your doctor for alternative treatments.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is valproic acid?
Valproic acid is highly effective at controlling seizures, stabilising mood, and preventing migraines when taken consistently.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much valproic acid can cause drowsiness, confusion, nausea, and breathing problems. If you think you’ve taken too much, seek emergency medical help immediately.
What dose of valproic acid is usually taken?
- For epilepsy: 300mg to 2,500mg daily, divided into smaller doses
- For bipolar disorder: 750mg to 2,000mg daily
- For migraine prevention: 500mg to 1,000mg daily
Your doctor will determine the correct dose based on your condition.
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What are the side effects of valproic acid?
Common side effects include:
- Nausea or stomach pain
- Drowsiness or dizziness
- Weight gain
- Hair thinning
- Tremors
Serious side effects, such as liver damage, severe mood changes, or unusual bleeding, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take valproic acid?
Valproic acid is taken as tablets, capsules, or liquid, usually once or twice daily.
When should valproic acid be taken?
Valproic acid should be taken at the same time each day, with or after food to reduce stomach upset.
What are the brand names for valproic acid?
Valproic acid is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Epilim
- Depakene
- Convulex
Final thoughts
Valproic acid is an effective treatment for epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraines, but it should be taken exactly as prescribed. Regular monitoring is required due to potential side effects. If you experience unusual symptoms, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
