How does metformin work?
Metformin lowers glucose production in the liver and helps the body use insulin more effectively. This reduces blood sugar levels and improves overall diabetes management.
What is metformin used to treat?
Metformin is commonly prescribed for:
- Type 2 diabetes (to help manage blood sugar levels)
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (sometimes used to regulate hormones and insulin resistance)
- Reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes in people at high risk
Who can take metformin?
Metformin is suitable for most adults and some children over 10 years old with type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance.
Who might not be able to take metformin?
Metformin may not be suitable if you:
- Have severe kidney or liver disease
- Have heart failure or severe circulation problems
- Have a history of lactic acidosis
- Drink large amounts of alcohol
Can I take metformin if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Metformin is sometimes prescribed during pregnancy for women with gestational diabetes. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak to your doctor about whether metformin is suitable for you.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is metformin?
Metformin is highly effective at lowering blood sugar levels and improving insulin sensitivity, especially when combined with a healthy diet and exercise.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a rare but serious condition. Symptoms include weakness, vomiting, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. If you think you’ve taken too much, seek medical help immediately.
What dose of metformin is usually taken?
- For type 2 diabetes: 500mg to 2000mg daily, taken in divided doses
- For PCOS: Usually 500mg to 1500mg daily, as prescribed by a doctor
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What are the side effects of metformin?
Common side effects include:
Taking metformin with food can help reduce stomach-related side effects.
How should I take metformin?
Metformin is taken as a tablet or liquid, usually with or after meals to reduce stomach upset.
When should metformin be taken?
Metformin is usually taken once or twice daily, depending on your prescription. It is best taken at the same time each day.
What are the brand names for metformin?
Metformin is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Glucophage
- Metabet
- Sukkarto
Final thoughts
Metformin is an effective and commonly used medication for type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. To get the best results, take it as prescribed, follow a healthy diet, and speak to your doctor if you experience side effects.
