How does lithium work?
Lithium affects neurotransmitters in the brain, helping to stabilise mood, reduce manic episodes, and lower the risk of severe depression.
What is lithium used to treat?
Lithium is commonly prescribed for:
- Bipolar disorder (to prevent manic and depressive episodes)
- Depression (as an add-on treatment when other antidepressants aren’t effective)
- Reducing the risk of suicidal thoughts
Who can take lithium?
Lithium is suitable for most adults with bipolar disorder or treatment-resistant depression.
Who might not be able to take lithium?
Lithium may not be suitable if you:
- Have kidney or heart disease
- Have low sodium levels or are dehydrated
- Take certain diuretics or blood pressure medications
- Are pregnant or planning to conceive (lithium can affect the baby’s development)
Can I take lithium if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Lithium isn’t usually recommended during pregnancy, as it may affect the baby’s development. If you are breastfeeding, speak to your doctor, as lithium can pass into breast milk.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—do not take two doses at once.
How effective is lithium?
Lithium is highly effective in preventing mood episodes in bipolar disorder and improving symptoms of depression when taken regularly.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much lithium can cause toxicity, leading to:
If you think you’ve taken too much, seek emergency medical help immediately.
What dose of lithium is usually taken?
- Starting dose: 400mg to 600mg once daily
- Maintenance dose: Adjusted based on blood test results (typically 600mg to 1200mg daily)
Regular blood tests are needed to ensure lithium levels stay within a safe range.
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What are the side effects of lithium?
Common side effects include:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Mild hand tremors
- Weight gain
- Diarrhoea or nausea
- Tiredness or drowsiness
Serious side effects, such as lithium toxicity, severe tremors, confusion, or heart problems, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take lithium?
Lithium is taken as tablets, capsules, or liquid, usually once or twice daily. It should be taken with food and plenty of water to reduce stomach upset.
When should lithium be taken?
Lithium is usually taken at the same time each day, often in the evening.
What are the brand names for lithium?
Lithium is available as a generic medicine, but some branded versions include:
- Priadel
- Camcolit
- Liskonum
Final thoughts
Lithium is an effective mood stabiliser, but it requires regular blood tests and monitoring to ensure safe use. If you experience side effects or have concerns, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.
