How does propranolol work?
Propranolol blocks beta receptors in the heart, slowing down the heart rate and reducing how hard the heart has to work. It also prevents the effects of adrenaline, helping to control symptoms like palpitations, sweating, and shaking.
What is propranolol used to treat?
Propranolol is prescribed for a variety of conditions, including:
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmia)
- Angina (chest pain)
- Anxiety and stage fright (reducing physical symptoms like a racing heart)
- Migraine prevention
- Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)
- Preventing heart attacks
Who can take propranolol?
Most adults and children over 12 years old can take propranolol. It may also be prescribed to younger children in certain cases, such as for heart conditions or migraines.
Who might not be able to take propranolol?
Propranolol may not be suitable if you:
- Have asthma or severe breathing problems
- Have very low blood pressure or a slow heart rate
- Have heart failure or circulation issues
- Have had an allergic reaction to propranolol or similar medicines
Can I take propranolol if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Propranolol is not usually recommended during pregnancy unless advised by a doctor. If you’re breastfeeding, a doctor will assess whether it’s safe for you to take.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s nearly time for your next dose, skip the missed one – don’t take two doses at once.
How effective is propranolol?
Propranolol is highly effective at reducing blood pressure, controlling heart rhythm problems, and preventing migraines. It usually starts working within a few hours, but full benefits can take a few weeks.
What should I do if I take too much?
Taking too much propranolol can cause dizziness, fainting, slow heart rate, and breathing difficulties. If you’ve taken too much, seek medical attention immediately.
What dose of propranolol is usually taken?
The dose depends on the condition being treated:
- High blood pressure: 80mg to 160mg daily
- Anxiety: 10mg to 40mg before stressful situations or daily
- Migraine prevention: 80mg to 160mg daily
- Heart problems: 30mg to 160mg daily, depending on severity
Your doctor will start you on a low dose and adjust it as needed.
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What are the side effects of propranolol?
Common side effects include:
- Dizziness or tiredness
- Cold hands and feet
- Nausea
- Sleep disturbances or nightmares
Serious side effects, such as breathing difficulties or severe dizziness, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take propranolol?
Propranolol is taken as tablets or a liquid, usually with water. It can be taken with or without food.
When should propranolol be taken?
Propranolol is usually taken once or twice a day, depending on the condition. If it’s being used for anxiety, it may be taken before a stressful event.
What are the brand names for propranolol?
Propranolol is available under brand names such as Inderal LA in the UK.
Final thoughts
Propranolol is a widely used beta-blocker that helps manage heart conditions, anxiety, and migraines. It’s effective but should be taken as prescribed to avoid side effects. If you have any concerns, speak to a doctor or pharmacist.
