How does amitriptyline work?
Amitriptyline increases levels of serotonin and noradrenaline in the brain, which can improve mood and help regulate pain signals. It also has a sedating effect, which can help with sleep-related issues.
What is amitriptyline used to treat?
Amitriptyline is commonly prescribed for:
- Nerve pain (such as sciatica, diabetic neuropathy, or post-shingles pain)
- Migraine prevention
- Fibromyalgia (a condition causing widespread pain and tiredness)
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-related pain
- Depression (though it is less commonly prescribed for this now)
Who can take amitriptyline?
Most adults can take amitriptyline. It may also be prescribed for children in specific cases, such as bedwetting (nocturnal enuresis).
Who might not be able to take amitriptyline?
Amitriptyline may not be suitable if you:
- Have had an allergic reaction to amitriptyline or similar medicines
- Have heart problems or a history of heart disease
- Have liver disease
- Have epilepsy or are prone to seizures
- Are taking other medications that affect serotonin (risk of serotonin syndrome)
Can I take amitriptyline if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?
Amitriptyline is not usually recommended during pregnancy unless advised by a doctor. If you are breastfeeding, speak to your doctor before taking it.
What if I miss a dose?
If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to your next dose, skip the missed one—don’t take two doses at once.
How effective is amitriptyline?
Amitriptyline is effective for nerve pain and migraines, but it can take a few weeks to feel the full benefits. It’s important to keep taking it as prescribed, even if you don’t notice immediate relief.
What should I do if I take too much amitriptyline?
Taking too much can be dangerous and may cause:
- Extreme drowsiness or confusion
- Severe dizziness
- Seizures
- Irregular heartbeat
If you think you’ve taken too much, seek medical help immediately.
What dose of amitriptyline is usually taken?
The dose depends on what it’s being used for:
- Nerve pain & migraines: Usually 10mg to 75mg daily, often taken at night
- Depression: Usually 50mg to 150mg daily (higher doses)
Your doctor will start you on a low dose and adjust it if needed.
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What are the side effects of amitriptyline?
Common side effects include:
- Feeling drowsy
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness
- Constipation
- Weight gain
Serious side effects, such as heart rhythm problems, require urgent medical attention.
How should I take amitriptyline?
Amitriptyline comes as a tablet and is usually taken once a day, before bedtime, as it can make you feel sleepy.
When should amitriptyline be taken?
It’s usually taken in the evening, as it can cause drowsiness and help with sleep.
What are the brand names for amitriptyline?
Amitriptyline is usually prescribed as a generic medicine, but in some countries, it is known under brand names such as Elavil.
Final thoughts
Amitriptyline is a useful medication for nerve pain, migraines, and some other conditions, but it can take time to work. If you have concerns about side effects or effectiveness, speak to a doctor or pharmacist.
